The standard list of fonts included with Mac OS X 10.4, broken down into Essential or non-essential status by apple…

Mac OS X 10.4: Fonts list
Last Modified: April 08, 2008
Article: HT1538

In Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger, the Mac OS X Installer installs fonts in one of two folders:

/Library/Fonts
/System/Library/Fonts
You can turn a font on or off using Font Book to customize what fonts appear in an application’s font menu, or in the Font panel.

See the Knowledge Base article for the rest….And here is the updated list for Mac OS X 10.5 / Leopard.